Moses mosler



(No Model.)

M.l MOSLER.V

SAFE Doon.

Patented Apr'. 12, 1892.

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J. Inventor Attorney 'me mums ness co., Wmo-mno., wAsnlNcTou. u. cA

UNITED .STATES PATENTV OFFICE.

MOSES MOSLER, OF CINCINNATI, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO THE MOSLER BANK SAFE COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

SAFE-DOOR.

SPECIFICATION fOImng part 0f Letters Patent N0. 472,584, dated. April 12, 1892.

Application tiled .Tuly 8, 1891. Serial No. 398,754. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, MosEs MosLER, of Cincinnati, Hamilton county, Ohio, have invented certain newand usefulImprovementsin Doors for Burglar-Proof Safes and Vaults, ofwhich the following is a specification.

In modern burglar-proof safes and vaults there is almost invariably secured upon the inner surface of the door a strong ring or frame, which I will herein term the backframe. In safes locking by bolt-work this back-frame supports the bolts which pass through holes in the back-frame, and this is the case whether the door be round or square, and in the modern screw-door safes this backframe bears an exterior thread which screws into a door-nut secured within the safe. The security of the safe depends largely on the firmness with which the back-frame is secured to the door, and the plan most generally followed consists in` bolting the back frame against the inner surface of the door. A modern system of attack on burglar-proof safes consists in firing explosives close to the outer face of the door, giving to the door an inward movement of slight degree but of tremendous velocity, the resulting momentum often being such as to lcause parts attached inside the door to break their fastenings and leave the door, the heads or nuts of the screws usually employed in securing the back-frame to the door sometimes flying entirely otf.

In my improved door construction I so intermember the back-frame with the door construction itself that itis impossible for the back-frame to leave the door, and. I further provide,where desirable, for having the baci;- frame engage forward of some portion of the door-jarnb, so that the back-frame cannot possibly pass through the clear door-opening.

I illustrate my improved door construction in connection with a round screw-door and in connection with a squarev door and with and without the feature of engagement forward of a portion of the door-jamb.

My improvements will bev readily understood fromA the following description, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure l is aplan half-horizontal section of a door exemplifying my improvements and shown in connection with a door-jamb, forward of which the back-frame engages; Fig. 2, a similar view of a similar construction where the door is a circular screw-door, but without the feature of the engagement of the back-frame forward of the jamb; Fig. 3, a horizontal section similar to Fig. l, but omitting the feature of the engagement ofthe back-frame forward of a jalnb portion; Fig. 4, a View of the inner face of a screw-door; and Fig. 5 a view of the inner face of a square door, the last two views being upon a comparatively small scale.

In the drawings, A indicates the front of a safe or vault formed in the usual manner, preferably of layers or plates properly united; B, the usual rabbets where the door and doorjamb engage each other; O, the inner portion of the door-jamb; D, the door fitting the door-jainb and constructed, preferably, of layers or plates firmly united; E, the inner layer of the'door; F, the back-frame, projecting, as usual, rearwardly from the door and adapted to support the bolts of a door locking by bolt-work or to have exterior threads if the door is a screw-door, Figs. l, 3, and 5 showing the plain back-frame, while Figs. 2 and 4. show the back-frame threaded for screw-door work; G, an inwardly-projecting tiange at the front of the back-frame, Athis flange engaging forward of the vrear plate of the door; I-I, an outwardly-projecting fiange upon the back-frame, engaging forward of a portion of the door-jamb, this feature being omitted from Figs. 2 and 3; J, the usual nut secured within a safe of screw-door construction and engaged by the threads of the backframe, and K, Fig. 2, screws securing the back-frame to the door-plates i'n front of it, these screws engaging half their bodies in the flange G of the back-frame.

Referring first to Fig. 3, it will be readily understood that while the back-frame is, as usual, small enough to pass through the clear opening of the door-jamb, and does pass through that opening in the act of lopening and closing the door, the back-frame is so builtin with the door structurethat it cannot be separated from the door by any force which will not separate the back-plate from the door. In the construction shown in Fig. 3 the IOO mere intermembering of the flange G with the door is sufficient to furnish all needful fastenings for the bach-frame; but if the door is ascrew-door, then the door-work will all be eircular, and provision mustI be made by which the back-frame will positively rotate with the door. Such provision may be made in any appropriate manner; but I prefer that some of the usual screws employed in securing the door-plates together be allowed to engage half their bodies in the flange G of the backi frame, as indicated at; l( in liig. 2, such screws therefore serving a threefold purposenamely, securing two door-plates together, securing the back-frame to the door portions forward of the back-frame, and securing the back-frame against rotation in the door,

As thus far considered the fasteningof the back-frame to the door has formed the safeguard against the back-frame being forced inwardly under the action of concussion; but the outer flange ,ll on the haelt-frame will, if employed, furnish an additional safeguard. This flange, integrally formed with the backframe, gives to the ba :k-.frame a dimension greater than the clear door, opening and engaging forward ot the inner portion ot' the doorjamb, positively precludes the inward forcing ofthe haelt-frame.

It is to be understood that in the building of lmrglarproof safes the door-work is first1 constructed in the soft state and then put together and accurately fitted to the door-jamb, after which the door parts are taken to pieces and the parts properly hardened and then reassembled. This hardening produces lnore or less warpageand also more or less contraction or expansion, as the case may be, which distortions often seriously interfere with the accurate fitting of the door in its hard state. Much ingenuity has been expended in attempts to contrive door-worl in which these distortions, which are unavoidable, would not affect the assembling, so far as the connection with the unhardened portions is ooncerued. Again,ingenuityhas been expended in other directions on door-work with the result of increasing the evils due to distortions. 'lhe back-frames of safe-doors are seldom hardened.

Attempts have been made to attach backframes to doors by dovetailing systems; but this is expensive andhard to do anything with in hardened work and I avoid it entirely. Again, back-frames have been provided with front flanges, the back-frames being located within the marginof the door and extending partially through the thickness of the door.

Such construction makes the bach-frame a part and parcel of the fundamental door structure and effected to the utmost degree by the distortions in hardening the doorplates, and,furthermore,in such construction all of that rear portion of the door-plates which margin the doorlie exterior tothe bacleframe and have no means of attachment whatever directly to thebalanee of the door,being completely isolated from it by theback-frame. I avoid such construction entirely, It will be observed that in my construction the fundamental door structure is provided with an exteriorly-open peripheral groove and is in nowise dependent on the back-frame for its own integrity of structure, the baclcframe being held within such groove. Again, it will be noticed that the bacleframe may be entirely free from perforations for the attachingscrews, the screws K passing through the lioint`erael; formed between the edge of the flange and the edge of theplate fitting within th is flange, the screws screwingforwardly into that portion of the door against which the back-frame seats, these screws therefore serv ing to clamp the fiange to the door and to clamp to the door that edge of the plate fitting within the flange, and also by the engagement; ofi' half.' their bodies in the edge of the flange to prevent the shifting of the backframe on the door. The entire construction recognizes tothe fullest extent the distorting effects of hardening and permits the reassembling and fitting of the fundament-al door structure in the hard state before the backframe is applied to position.

I claim as my inventionl. In a sa fe or vault, the combination, substantially as set forth, of a door having a groove presenting itselfoutwardly around the periphery of the door, and an integrallyt'ormed back-frame forming the exterior margin for the back of the door and provided with an inwaidly-projecting flange engaging said groove.

2. 1n a safe or vault, the eon1bination,sub stantially as set forth, of a hack-frame having an inwardly-I'nojeeting flange, a door seated against the flanged face ot said frame and having a plate fitting within said flange, and screws K, disposed in the joint between the edges of said flange and last-mentioned plate and engaging halt' in each of said edges and projecting into the door forward of the flange.

MOSES MOSLER. l'tlitnesses:

WILLIAM Mosman, Hann. l). itfitvnn.

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